Archive for June, 2009

Six Methods for Scattering Cremains

Saturday, June 27th, 2009

Beach Flower

Scatter on a beach.

Do you wish to have your remains scattered after a cremation? If so, make your wishes known now to friends and/or loved ones so no one is taken aback by your request once you’re gone. Once you’ve made your decision and informed loved ones, you still need to decide how you’ll want your cremains (remains after cremation) scattered.

There are six basic ways to scatter remains and each one has benefits and problems, which are listed below. No matter which method you decide, just know that scattering cremains is legal in every state; however, scattering on public property needs a property owner’s permission and scattering on public property needs permission and often permits as well.

  1. Aerial Scattering: After scaqttering ashes at home, this is the most popular method for scattering cremains. But, despite the popularity (or perhaps because of it), many people experience sometimes traumatic issues if a professional is not hired to help with this method. There are stories of cremains blowing back into a plane, wrong locations pointed out and more. A coordinated effort with the weather can bring joy and closure to those on the ground, as on clear days you actually can see the cremains falling from the plane like a cloud.
  2. Water Scattering: A boat can be as interesting as a plane when scattering cremains over water. Watching for wind patterns is essential to keep cremains from blowing back on mourners or onto the boat. One way to remedy this situation is to use a water-soluble urn. These urns are designed to degrade in water, which helps to spread the cremains into the water body easily. This type of urn usually floats for a few minutes before it sinks slowly. Once again, you might want to hire a professional for this service so everything goes smoothly.
  3. Casting: This method of scattering cremains involves tossing cremains to the wind. Once again, wind patterns are important, as while some cremains are heavy and dense like sand, other portions may fly into the wind and fly back onto mourners.
  4. Trenching: This method involves digging a trench, depositing the cremains in the trench, and then raking back over it to cover the cremains. One burial site mentions a beautiful idea that involves digging a trench in sand on a beach during low tide, then waiting for the high tide to come in to wash the cremains out to sea.
  5. Ringing: This method involves pouring the cremains in a circle on the ground, with or without a trench. Usually, the cremains are used to circle a bush (perhaps a rose bush), trees or memory tables.
  6. Raking: A cemetery that contains a scattering garden may offer this opportunity, where a loved one’s cremains are raked into the earth. This method also is used by many who choose to leave their cremains on an old homeplace or in a public location like a park.

If you choose to scatter your cremated remains, you might learn that some family members may want to keep a piece of you with them. The individuals who have the legal right to authorize a cremation usually have the right to determine the disposition of remains as well. These decisions usually are easier to make while you are still alive.

How to Recognize a Suicidal Soldier

Friday, June 26th, 2009
Look for signs of stress

Look for signs of stress

One hundred and twenty-eight (128) soldiers committed suicide in 2008, and another fifteen cases are pending. This is a record number of suicides over the past three decades since the Army has been keeping records. This year, 2009, the Army appears to be headed toward a new record for suicides within ranks.

In January alone, nearly two dozen confirmed or suspected suicides were confirmed – a total that may top the number of soldiers killed in combat in both Iraq and Afghanistan. The Army said the total number of potential or confirmed suicides since January stands at 82. While the Army cannot determine why suicide rates are so high, they have their suspicions after searching for some answers.

In some cases, it has been determined that the problem is based in unhealthy and risky behavior. While soldiers are encouraged to take risks during combat, this behavior seems to spill over into private life – but, soldiers are taking the wrong types of risks when they’re off duty.

Additionally, failed marriages, financial problems, military disciplinary actions and upcoming deployments may add to the stress. When drugs and alcohol are added to the mix, a lethal decision-making process may ensue.

According to one CNN article, the Army implemented a service-wide effort to combat the suicide problem in January. This effort included a stand-down for 1.1 million soldiers who were identified as experiencing signs of distress in the ranks.

Fort Hood, Texas, the largest base in the U.S. that is home to the 4th Infantry Division has seen multiple deployments to Iraq. However, base commander Lt. Gen. Rick Lynch managed to identify one major stress problem on the base:

Soldiers were working long hours and not spending time with their families between deployments…Lynch made “focus on the family” a key part of Fort Hood’s environment. He insists that every soldier on a day schedule leave work in time to be home for dinner by 6 p.m. On Thursday, many are told to leave by 3 p.m. so they can have the afternoon with the family. And no one at Fort Hood works weekends unless Lynch signs off on it.

The steps appear to be working. Although the base has recorded two suicides since the start of the year, that is well below many other major Army bases.

Here are some warning signs for suicide, offered by the Cleveland Clinic:

  • Excessive sadness or moodiness — Long-lasting sadness and mood swings can be symptoms of depression, a major risk factor for suicide.
  • Sudden calmness — Suddenly becoming calm after a period of depression or moodiness can be a sign that the person has made a decision to end his or her life.
  • Withdrawal — Choosing to be alone and avoiding friends or social activities also are possible symptoms of depression. This includes the loss of interest or pleasure in activities the person previously enjoyed.
  • Changes in personality and/or appearance — A person who is considering suicide might exhibit a change in attitude or behavior, such as speaking or moving with unusual speed or slowness. In addition, the person might suddenly become less concerned about his or her personal appearance.
  • Dangerous or self-harmful behavior — Potentially dangerous behavior, such as reckless driving, engaging in unsafe sex, and increased use of drugs and/or alcohol might indicate that the person no longer values his or her life.
  • Recent trauma or life crisis — A major life crises might trigger a suicide attempt. Crises include the death of a loved one or pet, divorce or break-up of a relationship, diagnosis of a major illness, loss of a job, or serious financial problems.
  • Making preparations — Often, a person considering suicide will begin to put his or her personal business in order. This might include visiting friends and family members, giving away personal possessions, making a will, and cleaning up his or her room or home. Some people will write a note before committing suicide.
  • Threatening suicide — Not everyone who is considering suicide will say so, and not everyone who threatens suicide will follow through with it. However, every threat of suicide should be taken seriously.

10+ Trivial Cemetery Facts

Friday, June 26th, 2009
View of Mt. of Olives

View of Mt. of Olives

Do you get squeamish at the thought of cemeteries? If you put cemeteries into a new light, such as one that shines from history or from downright silly trivia, you may not be so intimidated. While cemeteries hold remains of the dead, they also hold some interesting facts such as the ones listed below:

  1. The word “cemetery,” which is the traditional place to bury the dead, comes from the German words koimeterion (meaning a sleeping place), and koiman (to put to sleep). The word, “graveyard,” was not recorded until the early 19th century.
  2. The The oldest known Jewish cemetery is the Mount of Olives Cemetery located in Jerusalem and also a burial ground for people of Muslim and Christian faiths. This cemetery is first mentioned in connection with David’s flight from Absalom in II Samuel 15:30.
  3. The first tombstone recorded in the Bible is in Genesis 35:20, where Jacob set up a pillar (tombstone) on Rachel’s grave on the road to Bethlehem.
  4. In March 2002, archaeologists removed what is believed to be the oldest Christian tombstone found in Japan. Discovered near Osaka, Japan, the grave marker relic was dated in the 16th century from the ground in Osaka Japan. Historians believe the tombstone was buried to hide it from authorities who persecuted Christian in its time.
  5. Located on Route 80, near Tombstone, Arizona, the Boot Hill Graveyard became the final resting place to over 250 gunslingers, miners, and other fearless wild west pioneers. One of the tombstone epitaphs reads, Here lies Lester Moore 4 slugs from a 44 no less no more.
  6. A U.S. flag, the Declaration of Independence and an autographed picture of President Woodrow Wilson are just a few of the many items placed inside of the Arlington National Cemetery’s cornerstone, which was placed in the cemetery in 1915.
  7. Although Union soldiers were removed from shallow and inadequate burial sites at Gettysburg battlefield to a new cemetery shortly after that battle, it was seven years before Confederate soldiers were removed from their shallow battlefield graves. From 1870 to 1873, upon the initiative of the Ladies Memorial Associations of Richmond, Raleigh, Savannah and Charleston, 3,320 Confederate remains were dug up and sent to cemeteries in the south.
  8. The oldest known pet cemetery was uncovered in Green Country, Illinois by archaeologist, Dr. Stewart Schrever. He believes the pets were interred there around 6500 BC.
  9. The oldest operating pet cemetery in the United States is the Hartsdate Pet Cemetery in New York, established in 1896. It also bills itself as “America’s First and Most Prestigious Pet Burial Grounds.”
  10. The Vicksburg National Cemetery has the distinction of having the largest number of Civil War interments of any national cemetery in the United States. Of the approximate 17,000 Union veterans, only 5,000 are known. There are no Confederate burials here.
  11. Chicago’s Lincoln Park was created in 1864. The original 120 acre cemetery had most of its graves removed and was expanded to more than 1000 acres for recreational use. A small-pox hospital was located on the grounds as well.
  12. Saint Joseph’s Cemetery, the only known United States cemetery facing north-south is located in Rayne, Louisiana. It was once listed in Ripley’s Believe it or Not!

Grieving? Get Online Advice from a Hospice

Thursday, June 25th, 2009
Grief

Grief

What better place to find information on grief and grieving than through a hospice site? A hospice is geared to helping people transition from life to death and to helping families ease the pain of loss.  The following list is comprised of ten great sites that contain information about how to handle the grieving process for yourself or for others. They are listed in alphabetical order:

  1. A Guide to Grief: Although this Web site is not connected to any organization, their information on grief and grieving is extensive.
  2. Are you grieving? The Hospice Yukon offers some advice on grieving and loss.
  3. Grief: The Price We Pay For Love: Twin Lakes Hospice offers information on the stages of grief as well as tips on how to handle your grieving process.
  4. Helpful Advice for the Grieving Person: Hospice of Morongo Basin provides some very helpful hints on how to deal with the grieving process.
  5. HFA Grief Resource Page: These resources are offered by the Hospice Foundation of America. Take some time to read their December E-newsletter look at grief during the holidays linked at that page.
  6. I Know Someone Who is Grieving: Hospice of Santa Barbara answers all types of questions about grief and offers advice on how to help friends and relatives who are grieving.
  7. Myths and Realities: Hospice of Michigan offers some advice from their online grief counseling pages. If you live in the area, you also can take advantage of group activities that can help you through the grieving process.
  8. The Grieving Persons Bill of Rights: According to Lion Hospice, ” You are the one who is grieving, and as such, you have certain “rights” no one should try to take away from you.
  9. The Grieving Process: Hospice Family Care also covers the signs of grief, things to do for yourself and thing you can do for others to help them through the grieving process.
  10. The Grieving Teen: Teens grieve deeply but often work very hard to hide their feelings. Learn more from the American Hospice Foundation about how to handle this special grief. This is just one part of their larger Grief Center online.

“In Lieu of Flowers”

Thursday, June 25th, 2009
In Liue of Flowers...

In Lieu of Flowers...

What does it mean when an obituary announcement includes the phrase “In lieu of flowers, contributions may be made to…”? This statement means the family of the deceased would prefer donations from the friends and relatives to a charity rather than flowers at the funeral home or at the grave site. But, this statement often singles out the floral industry in a negative manner, and funeral directors may be asked to comply with newspaper obituary guidelines which prohibit discriminatory phrases.

According to the Web site, In Lieu of Flowers, other phrases may be used that do not discriminate against the floral industry:

  • The family suggests memorial contributions be sent to….
  • Should friends desire, contributions may be sent to….
  • Memorials may be made to the charity of your choice.
  • The …. Memorial has been established for those wishing to contribute.
  • As an expression of sympathy, memorial contributions may be sent to….
  • The family has designated the …. for memorial contributions.
  • Remembrances may be made in the form desired by friends.
  • Memorial contributions may be made to….
  • Flowers are welcome Contributions may be sent to….

While some families may regret not having flowers at a funeral, in my experience (which includes a few funerals), people cannot resist sending flowers. When flowers are sent, they usually come from people who feel ’strange’ if they don’t send flowers as this is a traditional practice. Often, these same people also will make a donation to the charity.

While flowers often comfort the living as well as provide a soothing and caring tribute to the deceased, be aware – many time flowers are not wanted as someone in the family may be allergic to them. Often, if this is the case, the family will ask to “please omit” flowers in the obituary or death notice. In this case, if you must offer flowers, pick up a few at a florist and take them to the gravesite later. At least you know that you’ve honored the deceased in your own special way.

Living Wills Could Save Money Nationwide

Thursday, June 25th, 2009
NHDD

NHDD

On April 19 this year, the nation celebrated its first National Healthcare Decisions Day (NHDD). The National Healthcare decisions Day was designed to help Americans understand that making future healthcare decisions includes much more than deciding what care they would or would not want regarding their health. This initiative also advocates “expressing preferences, clarifying values, identifying care preferences and selecting an agent to express healthcare decisions if patients are unable to speak for themselves.”

In other words, this initiative urges Americans to prepare documents that will clarify your intent, especially when you are not able to communicate this directive because you are incapacitated. While most documents that declare a “Do Not Resuscitate” order if you do not wish to be resuscitated or placed upon life support, many individuals now see this alternative as an AND, or “Allow Natural Death.”

Although advance directives cannot reduce medical expenses for all dying patients, some studies indicate that life-sustaining treatments and other forms of end-of-life care can be extraordinarily expensive and an unnecessary strain on healthcare resources. Each year, for instance, Medicare allocates approximately 30 percent of its funds to the five percent of recipients who pass away during that year.

According to an ABC News article:

According to a recent study by the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, America could reduce medical costs by $75 million a year if more cancer patients discussed living wills with their families or medical professionals before it became too late. Assuming these figures hold true for other groups of Americans, the potential national savings could be far greater.

Nathan Kottkamp, a healthcare attorney and founder of the initiative, boasts about the success of this year’s initiative that took place on April 16. According to new numbers, at least 3,755 people completed advance directive documents while the campaign exposed potentially millions of Americans to the organization’s message.

“[Living wills] save Americans money because we are more efficient,” Kottkamp emphasized. “This is not saving money because we are pulling the plug.” Furthermore, Kottkamp insists that reducing uncertainty in the medical process can “save tons of money by not involving lawyers.”

Government research, however, shows that living wills or DNR directives are not always effective. Roughly three quarters of physicians treating patients with advance directives were unaware they existed, and some doctors prefer to automatically resuscitate their patients to defend themselves from lawsuits. What can you do to make your wishes known?

Visit the NHDD Web site to learn more. This site also includes links to other sites that can help answer your questions. They also carry information on state-specific resources, although not all states are included.

American Soldiers Buried Overseas: WWI

Tuesday, June 23rd, 2009

Flanders Field in BelgiumU.S. military men and women who died overseas during battle or through disease or accidents that occurred during wartime often were buried overseas. Soldiers who died overseas during World War I often were buried several times – a quick burial and then a more formal burial in a local cemetery and then a final burial in an American military cemetery in Europe or a cemetery in the states.

After WWI, the Graves Registration Service (GRS) sent a questionnaire to each deceased soldier’s next of kin, asking whether this person wanted to have the soldier’s remains returned to the U.S. for burial. While some individuals wanted the bodies returned, many opted to leave their loved ones in Europe. Now, more than thirty thousand rest in one of eight overseas American military cemeteries.

During World War II, families had four choices of how they wanted their soldier’s remains handled: 1) leave the remains where they were buried initially; 2) Bury the remains in a cemetery other than an American military cemetery overseas; 3) Bury the remains in an overseas American military cemetery, or; 4) return the remains to the U.S. During the Korean War, all remains initially were shipped to a central mortuary in Japan, and all remains then were shipped back to the U.S.

The following American military cemeteries are those designated for burial of military men and women who served during WWI. The links lead to the American Battle Monuments Commission online, which offers vast information about these cemeteries and more.

France

  • Aisne-Marne American Cemetery and Memorial: The 42.5-acre Aisne-Marne Cemetery and Memorial in France sits at the foot of the hill where Belleau Wood stands. The cemetery contains the graves of 2,289 war dead, most of whom fought in the vicinity and in the Marne valley in the summer of 1918. Inscribed on the interior wall of the memorial are 1,060 names of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified. During World War II, the chapel was damaged slightly by an enemy shell.
  • Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery and Memorial: This cemetery covers 130.5 acres and the largest number of U.S. military dead in Europe, a total of 14,246. Most of those buried here lost their lives during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive of World War I. Inscribed on the remaining panels of two loggias are Tablets of the Missing with 954 names, including those from the U.S. expedition to northern Russia in 1918-1919. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Oise-Aisne American Cemetery and Memorial: The Oise-Aisne American Cemetery and Memorial in France contains the remains of 6,012 American war dead, most of whom lost their lives while fighting in this vicinity in 1918 during the First World War. The chapel contains an altar of carved stone. Engraved upon its Walls of the Missing are 241 names. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Somme American Cemetery and Memorial: The World War I Somme American Cemetery and Memorial in France contains 14.3-acres and the graves of 1,844 U.S. military dead. Most lost their lives while serving in American units attached to British armies, or in operations near Cantigny. The chapel walls bear the names of 333 of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • St. Mihiel American Cemetery and Memorial (both World Wars): The World War I St. Mihiel American Cemetery and Memorial in France, 40.5 acres in extent, contains the graves of 4,153 U.S. military dead. The majority of these individuals died in the offensive that resulted in the reduction of the St. Mihiel salient that threatened Paris. On two walls of the museum are recorded the names of 284 of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial (both World Wars): Originally a World War I cemetery, the Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial just outside Paris, France now shelters the remains of U.S. dead of both wars. The 7.5-acre cemetery contains the remains of 1,541 Americans who died in World War I and 24 Unknown dead of World War II. Bronze tablets on the walls of the chapel record the names of 974 World War I missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

Belgium

  • Flanders Field American Cemetery and Memorial: The Flanders Field American Cemetery and Memorial in Belgium occupies a 6.2-acre site, where 368 U.S. military dead rest, most of whom gave their lives in liberating the soil of Belgium in World War I. 43 names are inscribed on Walls of the Missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

Great Britain

  • Brookwood American Cemetery and Memorial: The 4.5 acre Brookwood American Cemetery and Memorial in England lies to the west of the large civilian cemetery built by the London Necropolis Co. and contains the graves of 468 U.S. military dead. On the walls within the chapel are inscribed the names of 563 of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

American Soldiers Buried Overseas: WWII

Monday, June 22nd, 2009

CambridgeDid you ever wonder whether all soldiers’ bodies were returned to the U.S.? In many cases, soldiers who died in battle, through disease or accident during wartime were buried at various cemeteries throughout Europe and the Philippines. The American Battle Monuments Commission offers vast information about these cemeteries. The list below offers all the overseas military cemeteries where World War II soldiers are interred (We have another list for World War I cemeteries):

Belgium

  • Ardennes American cemetery and Memorial: This cemetery is located in Neupre, Belgium. This 90-acre cemetery contains the graves of 5,329 U.S. military dead, many of whom died in the 1944 Ardennes winter offensive (Battle of the Bulge). Along the outside of the memorial, 462 names are inscribed on the granite Tablets of the Missing. The headstones are aligned in straight rows that form a Greek cross on the lawns and are framed by tree masses.
  • Henri-Chapelle American Cemetery and Memorial: The Henri-Chapelle American Cemetery and Memorial in Belgium covers 57 acres and contains 7,992 U.S. military dead, most of whom lost their lives during the advance of the U.S. armed forces into Germany. Their headstones are arranged in arcs sweeping across a broad green lawn that slopes gently downhill. A highway passes through the reservation. West of the highway an overlook affords an excellent view of the rolling Belgian countryside, once a battlefield.

France

  • Brittany American Cemetery and Memorial: Brittany American Cemetery lies 1½ miles southeast of the village of St. James (Manche), France. It covers 28 acres of rolling farm country near the eastern edge of Brittany and contains the remains of 4,410 U.S. war dead, most of whom lost their lives in the Normandy and Brittany campaigns of 1944. Along the retaining wall of the memorial terrace are inscribed the names of 498 of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial: This cemetery is located four miles south of Epinal, Vosges in France. Its 48.6 acres holds 5,255 U.S. military dead, most of whom lost their lives in the campaigns across northeastern France to the Rhine and beyond into Germany. On the walls of the Court of Honor, which surround the memorial, are inscribed the names of 424 of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Lorraine American Cemetery and Memorial: This cemetery is located 3/4 mile north of St. Avoid, Moselle, France, and it covers 113.5 acres and contains the largest number of graves of U.S. military dead of World War II in Europe, a total of 10,489. Most of the dead buried here were killed while driving the German forces from the fortress city of Metz toward the Siegfried Line and the Rhine River. Initially, there were over 16,000 Americans interred in the St. Avold region, mostly from the U.S. Seventh Army’s Infantry and Armored Divisions and its Cavalry Groups. On each side of the memorial, and parallel to its front, stretch the Tablets of the Missing on which are inscribed 444 names. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial: The Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial in France is located on the site of the temporary American St. Laurent Cemetery, established by the U.S. First Army on June 8, 1944 and the first American cemetery on European soil in World War II. The cemetery site, at the north end of its ½ mile access road, covers 172.5 acres and contains the graves of 9,387 of our military dead, most of whom lost their lives in the D-Day landings and ensuing operations. On the Walls of the Missing in a semicircular garden on the east side of the memorial are inscribed 1,557 names. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Rhone American Cemetery and Memorial: The site of the Rhone American Cemetery and Memorial in France was selected because of its historic location along the route of the U.S. Seventh Army’s drive up the Rhone Valley. On 12.5 acres at the foot of a hill clad with the characteristic cypresses, olive trees, and oleanders of southern France rest 861 U.S. military dead, most of whom lost their lives in the liberation of southern France in August 1944. On the retaining wall of the terrace, 294 names of the missing are inscribed. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial: Originally a World War I cemetery, the Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial just outside Paris, France now shelters the remains of U.S. dead of both wars. The 7.5-acre cemetery contains the remains of 1,541 Americans who died in World War I and 24 Unknown dead of World War II. Bronze tablets on the walls of the chapel record the names of 974 World War I missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

Italy

  • Florence American Cemetery and Memorial: The Florence American Cemetery and Memorial site in Italy covers 70 acres, chiefly on the west side of the Greve “torrente.” Between the two entrance buildings, a bridge leads to the burial area where the headstones of 4,402 U.S. military dead are arrayed in symmetrical curved rows upon the hillside. They represent 39 percent of the U.S. Fifth Army burials originally made between Rome and the Alps. Most died in the fighting that occurred after the capture of Rome in June 1944. Included among them are casualties of the heavy fighting in the Apennines shortly before the war’s end. The memorial has two open atria, or courts, joined by the Tablets of the Missing upon which are inscribed 1,409 names. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.
  • Sicily-Rome American Cemetery and Memorial: The World War II Sicily-Rome American Cemetery and Memorial site in Italy covers 77 acres, and contains an immense field of headstones of 7,861 of American military war dead. The majority of these men died in the liberation of Sicily (July 10 to August 17, 1943); in the landings in the Salerno Area (September 9, 1943) and the heavy fighting northward; in the landings at Anzio Beach and expansion of the beachhead (January 22, 1944 to May 1944); and in air and naval support in the regions. On the white marble walls of the chapel are engraved the names of 3,095 of the missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

Luxembourg

  • Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial: The Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial, 50.5 acres in extent, is situated in a beautiful wooded area. The cemetery was established on December 29, 1944 by the 609th Quartermaster Company of the U.S. Third Army while Allied Forces were stemming the enemy’s desperate Ardennes Offensive, one of the critical battles of World War II. The city of Luxembourg served as headquarters for General George S. Patton’s U.S. Third Army. General Patton is buried here. 5,076 U.S. military dead are buried here, and 371 names of the missing are inscribed on pylons that flank the chapel. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

Netherlands

  • Netherlands American Cemetery and Memorial: The World War II Netherlands American Cemetery and Memorial is the only American military cemetery in the Netherlands. The cemetery site has a rich historical background, lying near the famous Cologne-Boulogne highway built by the Romans and used by Caesar during his campaign in that area. In May 1940, Hitler’s legions advanced over the route of the old Roman highway, overwhelming the Low Countries. The site covers 65.5 acres. Stretching along the sides of the court are Tablets of the Missing on which are recorded 1,722 names. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified. Beyond the tower is a burial area divided into 16 plots, where rest 8,301 U.S. military dead.

Great Britain

  • Cambridge American Cemetery and Memorial: The Cambridge American Cemetery and Memorial site in England (pictured above), 30.5 acres in total, was donated by the University of Cambridge. The cemetery contains the remains of 3,812 U.S. military dead; 5,127 names are recorded on the Tablets of the Missing. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified. Most died in the Battle of the Atlantic or in the strategic air bombardment of northwest Europe.

Philippines

  • Manila American Cemetery and Memorial: The Manila American Cemetery and Memorial in the Philippines occupies 152 acres on a prominent plateau, visible at a distance from the east, south and west. It contains the largest number of graves of our military dead of World War II, a total of 17,202, most of whom lost their lives in operations in New Guinea and the Philippines. On rectangular Trani limestone piers within the hemicycles are inscribed the Tablets of the Missing containing 36,285 names. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified.

Tunisia

  • North Africa American Cemetery and Memorial: At the 27-acre North Africa American Cemetery and Memorial in Tunisia rest 2,841 U.S. military dead. Along the southeast edge of the burial area, bordering the tree-lined terrace leading to the memorial is the Wall of the Missing. On this wall 3,724 names are engraved. Rosettes mark the names of those since recovered and identified. Most honored here lost their lives in World War II in military activities ranging from North Africa to the Persian Gulf.

The Most Important Document After Death

Monday, June 22nd, 2009

After a loved one dies, do you know which document you need to move forward with everything from wills to the burial? The death certificate, sometimes called the medical certificate of the cause of death (MCCD), is a document issued by a government official such as a registrar of vital statistics that declares the date, location and cause of a person’s death. While a death certificate can help officials and others understand how the person died, it also may be required in order to arrange a burial or cremation, to prove a person’s will or to claim on a person’s life insurance.

In a recent story, four families in Gary, Indiana, did not receive death certificates for loved ones whose arrangement were handled by the former Serenity Gardens Funeral Home. The funeral home had closed down, and the missing paperwork has preventing them from settling estates and life insurance claims.

This case began nearly three weeks ago after members of Northlake Church of Christ viewed the former funeral home they had purchased at a tax sale and found occupied caskets and body bags. Authorities have said the bodies are believed to have been at the funeral home since 2006. Authorities also have found the cremated remains of seven other people there. Darryl Cammack, who operated the funeral business until 2006, has his funeral license revoked in 2006 after clients complained that he forged signatures, failed to deliver death certificates and in one case took more than a year to deliver cremated remains.

In many cases, the funeral home will handle the death certificate for the family, as these documents must be verified by physicians and sometimes through a health department before the family can obtain a copy. Death certificates are legal documents, and filed with a local health department once completed. The funeral home usually does not keep a death certificate or copy of such a certificate on the premises. Each state and location may have individual rules and guidelines for completing a filing a death certificate, and family members may obtain certified copies for their records if needed through the funeral home or from the county health department where the death occurred.

In most cases, the death certificate is issued in the county of the state where the death occurred, and overseas deaths are more complicated. Often you will need a certified English translation of the foreign death certificate from the country in which the person died as well as authorization to remove the deceased’s body from the country. Sometimes, legal copies of these certificates may take a year or more to reach the proper authorities in the states.

While you may not have much control over an overseas death, you can maintain some control over a death certificate for a loved one who dies near to home or in the U.S. This action may be important to you if you want to maintain control over the funeral and the ensuing legal ramifications. First, let the authorities know that you are not dealing with a funeral home, and familiarize yourself with the state’s regulations. For instance, the state of Virginia requires certain information from and for a funeral home, and this information if vital if you wish to handle the death certificate.

Also, you can familiarize yourself with a standardized death certificate [PDF] so you can have the required documents at your disposal when death occurs. Also, you might become familiar with a state’s requirements for the affidavit procedure. Some states, like Washington, offer this material online [PDF].

In the Gary, Indiana case, since the funeral home did not proceed with the affidavit to acquire a death certificate and file it with the health department, the families must be patient as authorities aquire information and follow procedure. If you can find information about how to file a loved one’s death certificate in advance (or your own, for that matter), you can rest assured that nothing will be held up financially after a loved one dies. This is depending, of course, on whether the loved one wrote a will!

What is an American Gold Star Mother?

Sunday, June 21st, 2009

After many years working in newspaper archives in search of clues to migration patterns for a specific group, I came across an article that contained the name of a woman who was included in my research. This woman’s name was included in a list of Gold Star Mothers, or women who were entitled to make a pilgrimage to their loved ones’ graves overseas at the expense of the U.S. government.  More than 17,000 mothers and widows were eligible for this program, which began in 1929. When the project ended in 1933, nearly 7,000 women had taken advantage of the offer to visit the graves in Europe.

According to the American Gold Star Mothers’ Web site:

When the United States entered World War I in 1917, George Vaughn Seibold, 23, volunteered, requesting assignment in aviation. He was sent to Canada where he learned to fly British planes since the United States had neither an air force nor planes. Deployed to England, he was assigned to the British Royal Flying Corps, 148th Aero Squadron. With his squadron, he left for combat duty in France. He corresponded with his family regularly. His mother, Grace Darling Seibold, began to do community service by visiting returning servicemen in the hospitals.

The mail from George stopped. Since all aviators were under British control and authority, the United States could not help the Seibold family with any information about their son.

Grace continued to visit hospitalized veterans in the Washington area, clinging to the hope that her son might have been injured and returned to the United States without any identification. While working through her sorrow, she helped ease the pain of the many servicemen who returned so war-damaged that they were incapable of ever reaching normalcy.

But on October 11, 1918, George’s wife in Chicago received a box marked “Effects of deceased Officer 1st Lt. George Vaughn Seibold.” The Seibolds also received a confirmation of George’s death on November 4th through a family member in Paris.

Grace, realizing that self-contained grief is self-destructive, devoted her time and efforts to not only working in the hospital but extending the hand of friendship to other mothers whose sons had lost their lives in military service. She organized a group consisting solely of these mothers, with the purpose of not only comforting each other, but giving loving care to hospitalized veterans confined in government hospitals far from home.

Initially, the Blue Star was used in the early days of World War I to represent each person who served in the U.S. military. As the war progressed, the Gold Star came into use to represent those who died in combat. The Gold Star was superimposed upon the Blue Star and entirely covered it, representing the supreme sacrifice that this person made in serving his or her country.

Initially, a group of twenty-five mothers residing in Washington, D.C., met to organize what was to become the American Gold Star Mothers, Inc. (AGSM) on 4 June 1928. One year and one day later, the organization was incorporated under the laws of the District of Columbia. By the end of three months, the membership had climbed to sixty-five. The group, which is nondenominational, non-profit and nonpolitical, was mainly composed of women who had lost a son or daughter in World War I.

During the 1942 National AGSM convention, the membership opened to mothers who had lost a son or daughter in World War II. Membership was open again after the Korean conflict. Now, the AGSM opens its doors for membership to any “natural Mothers, who are citizens of the United States of America or of the Territorial and Insular Possessions of the United States of America, whose sons and daughters served and died in line of duty in the Armed Forces of the United States of America or its Allies, or died as a result of injuries sustained in such service.”

Adoptive mothers and stepmothers who reared the child from the age of five and whose natural mother is deceased also are eligible.

One of the traditions upheld by Gold Star Mothers is the wearing of white, rather than mourning black. While the origins of this tradition are not fully understood, it’s believed that “white made a symbolic statement that went beyond mourning, a statement of peace, sacrifice, innocence and goodness. Those were the things that their children had been and had died for – wearing white celebrated their children’s contributions while the gold star acknowledged their sacrifice.” The history of wearing white goes back at least to 1925, and now veterans recognize these mothers as those who are wearing white.

You do not need to be a member of the AGSM to receive a Gold Star pin. There are 2 different pins, and they are awarded by the Defense Department. Which one you are awarded depends on the circumstances of your loved one’s death. You can find more information about this pin at the AGSM site.